虛擬語氣的重點(diǎn)是:
1.一些常見的虛擬語氣的句型或結(jié)構(gòu)。
2.虛擬語氣的特殊形式,即用來表示要求、的建議、的命令、的提議、的意愿等的主語從句、的賓語從句、的表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬形式。
3.主從句表示不同的時(shí)間概念、的事實(shí)或假設(shè)情況,從而交錯(cuò)成為復(fù)合虛擬語氣。
4.含蓄條件句中的虛擬語氣的表示愿望的虛擬形式。
上述四個(gè)要點(diǎn)往往在完形填空或者閱讀理解里面存在,尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考這方面的知識(shí)的題目,而在閱讀理解里醫(yī)學(xué)全在,線52667788.cn,我們掌握上述四個(gè)重點(diǎn)對于我們理解文章的大意和作者態(tài)度很有幫助,了解哪些觀點(diǎn)是作者假設(shè)的、的虛擬的,哪些是真實(shí)的,這樣對于我們回答關(guān)于作者態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)題很有幫助。
下面我們將主要從上述四個(gè)方面來重點(diǎn)論述在考試中應(yīng)該注意的問題。
一、虛擬語氣的常見類型和句型
(1) 由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語氣
A.用wish表示對現(xiàn)在的愿望時(shí),它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞形式為:過去式(be動(dòng)詞用were)。
B.用wish表示對將來的愿望時(shí),它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞形式為:would, could, might+ 動(dòng)詞原形。
C.wish用于對過去的事實(shí)表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望時(shí),賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞形式為:had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞或could, would + have +動(dòng)詞過去分詞。
The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.
---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”
---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”
I wish that he weren’t so lazy.
(2) had hoped引起的賓語從句中備用語動(dòng)詞形式為would+動(dòng)詞原形,表示一種過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或令人失望的事。
His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.
(3) would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的從句中要求用過去式表示當(dāng)時(shí)或?qū)淼那闆r,用過去完成時(shí)表示過去的情況,表示希望或婉轉(zhuǎn)的責(zé)備。例如:
I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把這封信立刻寄出去。
I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那兒可得太久。
I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把這本書還了。