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經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享:sci論文寫(xiě)作各個(gè)部分一些固定模式和套路
Abstract. 整體要求簡(jiǎn)練，言簡(jiǎn)意賅，因?yàn)榻^大部分journal對(duì)Abstract都有字?jǐn)?shù)限制，一般150～250 words. 先簡(jiǎn)單描述一下自己工作的前沿背景，幾句話，然后引出自己的實(shí)驗(yàn)（“In this paper….”; “Herein..” or “Here, we…”)，主要陳述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，可稍帶提一下所用到的重要方法的名稱(chēng)，然后說(shuō)明你的結(jié)果的意義“There data suggest….”；最后總結(jié)拔高“In a word….”or “in summary…..”.
Introduction. 描述跟你的實(shí)驗(yàn)相關(guān)的領(lǐng)域研究現(xiàn)狀及存在的問(wèn)題，自然的過(guò)度到你的實(shí)驗(yàn)意義和重要性�！癆lthough…..there are still… so far”“Here, for the first time, we have used…..”。如果你前面已發(fā)過(guò)相關(guān)的文章，要插入引用一下 “We recently showed that…..”或“Our previous studies have shown that… . These results verify that…..”“Here…..”“ To explore this hypothesis, we generated….”. 寫(xiě)好Introduction需要有大量的參考文獻(xiàn)做基礎(chǔ)，摘取短語(yǔ)、詞組、句子進(jìn)行reorganize。調(diào)節(jié)好前后句子的順序及銜接。
Materials and Methods. 這部分可以從別的文章摘到現(xiàn)成的方法描述，加以改造，替換成自己的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件，變成自己的表達(dá)方式，近幾年journal對(duì)抄襲句子的現(xiàn)象抓的特別嚴(yán)，多注意。太復(fù)雜的經(jīng)典方法，可以簡(jiǎn)單描述后加上參考文獻(xiàn)“Briefly, …..[ref]”；也可以直接引用參考文獻(xiàn)“The…method was performed as described previously [ref]”醫(yī).學(xué).全.在.線52667788.cn.
Results. 這一部分很重要。要按照一定的邏輯順序進(jìn)行organize，結(jié)果描述要準(zhǔn)確、專(zhuān)業(yè)，一些重要的數(shù)據(jù)可以放在結(jié)果部分的文字描述中，如IC50、EC50、抑制百分率、P值等等。這部分不能像Introduction那樣寫(xiě)太多的理論性的東西。每段的開(kāi)頭或一些連接的地方可以簡(jiǎn)單地用一些理論性的或總結(jié)性的句子。在陳述你的實(shí)驗(yàn)操作和看到的結(jié)果和表面現(xiàn)象時(shí)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，陳述不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的規(guī)律、結(jié)論性的內(nèi)容時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。一些常用的短語(yǔ)及句式有：
“In order to prove…., we used…”；“We have set up….”； “To demonstrate…., we further…”；“Consistently/Consistent with…”；“Compared with….”；“Thus, at current time, we have evidence that…”；“We next characterized…”；“We found that…”；“We have noticed that….”；“It’s known that….”；“So we introduced….in our study”；“In contrast…”；“These data suggest that….”；“So we next explored….”；“Notably,….”；“Importantly, ….”；“Furthermore….”；“Moreover….”；“We have previously shown that….”；“As shown in Fig. 1,…..”；“Fig. 1 shows….”；“Overall,….”；“Taken together, these results suggest….”；“These data are consistent with the notion that.....”；“Next, we examined the effect of….”；“We next set out to determine whether….”；“Lastly, we examined…..”；“In order to establish….”.
