|
Type |
Mechanism |
Cause |
|
Obstructive |
Mechanical interference with ventricular filling |
Tension pneumothorax, cava compression, cardiac tamponade, atrial tumor or clot |
|
Interference with ventricular emptying |
Pulmonary embolism | |
|
Cardiogenic |
Impaired myocardial contractility |
Myocardial ischemia or MI, myocarditis, drugs |
|
Abnormalities of cardiac rhythm |
Tachycardia, bradycardia | |
|
Cardiac structural disorder |
Acute mitral or aortic regurgitation, ruptured interventricular septum, prosthetic valve malfunction |
