第七章 體檢（頭頸部)[Physical examination(head and neck)]
1、頭顱[cranium,skull]
•頭顱變形[deforming skull]
•頭形（圍)[head contour (circumference)]
•小顱（尖顱，巨顱)[microcephalism (acrocephalia,large skull)]
•長(zhǎng)（短)頭[dolichocephalia (brachycephalism)]
•方（塔)顱[squared (tower) skull]
•落日現(xiàn)象[sitting sun phenomenon]
•顱縫[cranial suture]
•前（后)囟門[anterior (posterior) fontanel]
•囟門膨出（塌陷)[bulging (edpressed) fontanel]
•囟門晚（早)閉[delayded (earlier) closure of the fontanel]
2、眼球[eyeball]
•眼球浮動(dòng)[ocular bobbing]
•眼球破裂[eyeball rupture]
•眼球穿孔傷[ocular-perforating injury]
•眼球內(nèi)異物[intralcular foreign body]
•眼距增寬（變窄)[ocular hypertelorism (hypotelorism)]
•眼球萎縮[atrophy of eyeball]
•眼球突出（凹陷)[exophthalmos (enophthalmos)]
•眼球震顫[nystagmus]醫(yī)學(xué)全.在線提供
•眼球固定[eyeball fixation (stare)]
•眼球活動(dòng)受限[limitation of eye movement]
•假眼[ocular prosthesis]
•眼外肌運(yùn)動(dòng)[extraocular movements]
3、眼瞼[eyelids]
•瞼內(nèi)（外)翻[entropion (ectropion)]
•流淚[lacrimation]
•上瞼下垂[ptosis]
•眼瞼痙攣（松馳)[blepharospasm (blepharo-chalasis)]
•眼瞼水腫（紅腫)[edema (redness and swelling) of the eyelids]
•瞬目過少[nictitation diminution(lid lag )]
•瞬目過多[frequent nictitation (blinking)]
•眼裂縮�。ㄔ鰧�)[blepharophimosis (blepharodia stasis)]
•眼瞼充血[blepharal hyperemia]
•淚囊[lacrimal sac ]
•睫毛反射[eyelash reflexes]
•壓眶反射[reaction to pressure on the supraocular notch]
•皺眉（皺額，閉目)[raise eyebrows (wrinkle forehead,force eyelids closing)]
4、結(jié)膜[conjunctive]
•結(jié)膜反射[conjunctival reflexes]
•充血[congestion]
•紅（白)[redness (pallor)]
•球結(jié)膜水腫[chemosis]
•結(jié)膜濾泡（濾泡增生)[conjunctival follicle (folliculosis)]
•沙眼[trachoma]
•胬肉[pterygium]
•水樣（膿性)分泌物[watery (purulent) discharge]
5、角膜和鞏膜[cornea and sclerae]
•角膜反射[corneal reflexes]
•角膜混濁[cornea opacity]
•透明（不透明)的[transparent (opaque)]
•異物[foreign body]
•老年環(huán)[arcus senilis]
•潰瘍（穿孔)[ulcer (perferation)]
•黃染（無黃染)[stained yellow (anicteric)]
6、瞳孔[pupil]
•右眼[OD (oculus dextet)]
•左眼[OS (oculus sinister)]
•2mm大小[2mm in size]
•等大等園[be equal and round ]
•瞳孔大小不一[unevenness of pupils (anisocoria)]
•固定[fixed]醫(yī).學(xué).全.在線.網(wǎng).站.提供
•瞳孔縮小[contraction of pupils (miosis)]
•瞳孔散大[dilation of pupils (platycoria)]
•瞳孔畸形（閉鎖)[deformity (seclusion) of pupils]
•直接（間接)對(duì)光反射[direct (consensual) response to light]
•瞳孔對(duì)光反射（佳)（差)[good (poor) light reflex of pupils]
•對(duì)光反射存在[retain light reflexes]
•調(diào)節(jié)反射[accommodation reflex]
•輻輳反射[convergence reflex]
7、視力和視野[Vision and Visual fields]
•視力模糊（減退，差)[blurred (impaired, poor) Vision]
•弱視[amblyopia]
•復(fù)視[double vision (diplopia)]
•斜視[strabismus]
•麻痹性斜視[paralytic squint]
•偏盲[hemiscotosis]
•失明[amaurosis (blindness)]
•夜盲[night blindness]
•色盲[color blindness]
•全色盲[achromatopsia]
•綠（藍(lán))色盲[achromatopsia green(blue) blindness]
•紅-綠色盲[red-green blindness]
•色弱[color weakness]
•遠(yuǎn)視[far-sightedness (far –sighted,hyeropia)]
•近視[short-sightedness (short-sighted,nearsightedness,myopia)]
•右（左)眼200度[200 degree,OD(OS)]
•左（右)眼視力[OS(OD) vision]
•視野完整[full (intact) visual fields]
•象限視野缺損[tetarfanopia]
•單側(cè)（雙顳側(cè))缺損[unilateral (bitemporal) defect]
•視野缺損[visual field defect]
•視野縮小[contraction of visual field]
